Research studies.    The Council for Responsible Nutrition in a 2002 report cited Ginkgo bilboa for memory enhancement as one of the most widely accepted uses of botanicals. A variety of studies are cited in The Natural Pharmacy Health Encyclopedia (click Herbs & Supplements, then scroll down to Ginkgo) with a general consensus of support for use of this supplement with severe impaired function (Alzheimer's disease ) and with ordinary age-related memory loss. Improvement in mental function was also reported in studies involving memory function in younger people (ages 19-24).

Target Symptoms and Dosage.  Although age-related cognitive decline is often the primary target symptom for this supplement, particularly noteworthy in this context are the reports that that it can be of value in sexual dysfunction from use of prescribed antidepressant drugs and in some instances of erectile dsysfunction. This supplement has also been suggested for use with a variety of other symptoms, including diabetic complications, macular degeneration, and tinnitus. A dosage of 40-80 mg, 3 times per day appears standard, with higher dosage levels used in some studies involving severe cognitive impairement.

Side Effects and Contraindications.    Significant side effects with this supplement are rare. A very small percentage of users have reported mild headaches and mild upset stomach. However, because of the possibility of blood-thinning effect, caution is warranted if taken along other substances (e.g. aspirin or prescrbed medication) used to obtain a blood-thinning outcome. Safety with young children has not been established.

Summary.  Caution is always warranted in combining use of a supplement along with prescribed medications. The prescribing physician should be involved in any decisions about how or whether to add the Ginkgo bilboa supplement.